Resources

This document contains guidelines on the detection and measurement of air in-leakage (AIL) in reference to the optimum cycle chemistry control and maximum thermal cycle efficiency in a wide range of generating plants. It contains special guidance on how plant operators can recognize and control AIL.

This Technical Guidance Document is the product of the Working Group "Power Cycle Chemistry" (PCC) of the International Association for the Properties of Water and Steam (IAPWS).

Cycle Chemistry Guidelines and Processes for the application of film forming amines (FFA) and Film Forming Amine Products (FFAP) in fossil and combined cycle / HRSG power plants.

Cycle Chemistry Guidance and Processes for sampling and analyzing the internal deposits on HRSG high pressure (HP) evaporator tubing. New guidance is included on assessing whether an HRSG needs chemical cleaning to avoid under- deposit corrosion.

Cycle Chemistry Guidelines on sampling and analysis for the monitoring of iron and copper corrosion products in the steam and water cycles of fossil and combined cycle / HRSG power plants. Key sampling locations and achievable levels are provided.

Cycle Chemistry Guidelines on steam purity limits for steam turbines in fossil, combined cycle, nuclear, industrial and geothermal power plants. Customization for each plant is provided when using phosphates and amines, and in the presence of organics and carbon dioxide.

Cycle Chemistry Guidelines providing feedwater, boiler water and steam targets and limits for phosphate and caustic / sodium hydroxide (NaOH) treated drum boilers in fossil and combined cycle / HRSG power plants (PT and CT).
Customization for each type of plant is provided.

Cycle Chemistry Guidelines providing feedwater, boiler water and steam targets and limits for all-volatile and oxygenated treatments (AVT and OT) based on ammonia and alternative amines in fossil and combined cycle / HRSG power plants.
Customization for each type of plant is provided.

Cycle Chemistry Guidelines on sample points and minimum levels of on-line chemical monitoring instrumentation for steam and water cycle chemistry control in fossil and combined cycle / HRSG power plants.
Customization for each type of plant is provided.

Cycle Chemistry Guidelines and Processes for the measurement of boiler water carryover into steam in drum units in fossil and combined cycle / HRSG power plants.